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What happens when a substituted benzene such as chlorobenzene or methyl benzene undergoes an electrophilic substitution reaction? There are two
Continue readingExplaining the reactivity of substituted benzenes
At first sight benzene seems surprisingly unreactive for an unsaturated hydrocarbon. Benzene does not decolourise bromine water when shaken with
Continue readingElectrophilic substitution reactions of benzene
Inductive and mesomeric effects both play an important role in determining how organic reactions happen through their abilities to stabilise
Continue readingStabilising carbocations through inductive and mesomeric effects
Most reactions take place via two or three steps with short-lived, unstable, intermediate ions bridging the steps from reactants to