Calculations for AS and A level Chemistry
Being confident in tackling different types of mole calculation is the foundation upon which much of A level chemistry stands
From the blog
Everything you need to know about proton (H-1) NMR Spectroscopy
In proton or 1H NMR spectroscopy the sample is dissolved in a solvent such as tetrachloromethane, CCl4, or trichlorodeuteriomethane, CDCl3
Continue readingEverything you need to know about proton (H-1) NMR Spectroscopy
Understanding nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
We are familiar with the idea that electrons possess an intrinsic quantum property known as spin (we met this when
Continue readingUnderstanding nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Deciding whether a precipitate will form
We can cause a sparingly soluble salt to precipitate out of solution if the product of the concentration of the
What is the common ion effect?
Silver chloride is a sparingly soluble salt. AgCl(s) ⇌ Ag+(aq) + Cl–(aq) Ksp = [Ag+(aq)] [Cl–(aq)] = 2.0 x 10-10
What is the solubility product?
Many ionic compounds are sparingly soluble – a good example is barium sulphate which has a solubility of 1.05 x
Understanding the relationship between Kc and Kp
We can derive a value for the equilibrium constant in a gaseous equilibrium system either using partial pressures, Kp, or
Continue readingUnderstanding the relationship between Kc and Kp
Calculating Kp, the equilibrium constant, for a gaseous system.
For reversible reactions taking place in the gaseous phase it is more straightforward to think in terms of pressure rather
Continue readingCalculating Kp, the equilibrium constant, for a gaseous system.
Why don’t reactions at equilibrium go to completion?
To complete our understanding of systems that have achieved equilibrium, we need to look at the position of equilibrium through
Continue readingWhy don’t reactions at equilibrium go to completion?
How to find the equilibrium constant and equilibrium concentrations for a reaction
Now it is time to introduce the concept of the equilibrium constant, Kc. Kc is basically a ratio – the
Continue readingHow to find the equilibrium constant and equilibrium concentrations for a reaction
What is le Chatelier’s Principle?
When we have a chemical reaction that has reached a state of dynamic equilibrium, there will be one particular set