Calculations for AS and A level Chemistry
Being confident in tackling different types of mole calculation is the foundation upon which much of A level chemistry stands
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Nitrogen, nitrogen oxides and the nitrogen cycle
Nitrogen is a diatomic molecule in its elemental form, N2, and it makes up 78% of the atmosphere on Earth.
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Explaining trends in the oxides of Period 3
The trend in the bonding and structure of the Period 3 oxides can be explained in terms of the increasing
The elements of Period 3
Atomic radius Dedicated post explaining the trend in atomic radius is right here! Melting points and structure The melting point
Explaining the trend in atomic radius across Period 3
Before we jump straight in, we really need to define how we measure the radius of an atom … This
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The reactions of acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides
Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides are derivatives of carboxylic acids. Acyl chlorides Acyl chlorides are made by chlorinating a carboxylic
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Esters and polyesters
Esters are a derivative of carboxylic acids and formed from the reaction between a carboxylic acid or an acyl chloride
Why are carboxylic acids acidic?
Carboxylic acids are weak organic acids. All acids are proton donors and the more stable the resulting anion (in this
Naming carboxylic acids and their derivatives
Carboxylic acids contain the carboxyl functional group, -COOH, which is itself made from a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group.
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Aldehyde and ketone chemistry
Aldehydes and ketones are examples of carbonyl compounds. In an aldehyde the carbonyl group, C=O, is bonded to at least
Explaining the chemistry of the Group 7, the halogens
Group 7 consists of the elements fluorine, chorine, bromine, iodine and astatine, and they are known as the halogens. All
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