Calculations for AS and A level Chemistry
Being confident in tackling different types of mole calculation is the foundation upon which much of A level chemistry stands
The ultimate A level chemistry resource
Being confident in tackling different types of mole calculation is the foundation upon which much of A level chemistry stands
This is a set of more difficult long answer exam questions that require you to use data from mass spectra,
Continue readingMixed spectra long answer exam question practice
15th March 2025 Don’t know what your calculations mean? You’re not alone! 6th February 2025 Revise like a pro: how
The rusting of iron can be summarised by the equation 4 Fe(s) + 3 O2(g) + H2O(l) ⇾ 2 Fe2O3•xH2O(s)
A redox reaction consists of two half reactions – an oxidation and a reduction reaction. If we take a pair
Continue readingPredicting the feasibility of redox reactions using standard electrode potentials
We can link any two half cells together to form an electrochemical cell. A high resistance voltmeter prevents current (electrons)
Continue readingDetermining the potential difference of an electrochemical cell
If we place a strip of a metal such as zinc into a beaker containing zinc sulphate (the electrolyte) an
Often writing a half equation to show reduction or oxidation is straight forward – all we need to do is
Continue readingUsing oxidation states to balance half equations
Redox titration questions are very popular on exam papers. They are usually set in an unfamiliar context and may require
Given two half equations, we need to be able to write a fully balanced redox equation both under acidic and
Continue readingWriting balanced redox equations using half equations
When the products of a reaction are molecular, or there are polyatomic ions such as SO42- involved, it is not
Reactions in which both oxidation and reduction occur are called redox reactions. The acronym OILRIG might be familiar, reminding us
Reactions are either endothermic or exothermic – the heat transferred during a chemical reaction is either moving from the system
Continue readingUsing bond enthalpies to calculate an enthalpy change of reaction