Explaining the trend in atomic radius across Period 3
Before we jump straight in, we really need to define how we measure the radius of an atom … This
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Author: Sarah Parkes
The reactions of acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides
Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides are derivatives of carboxylic acids. Acyl chlorides Acyl chlorides are made by chlorinating a carboxylic
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Making and breaking esters
Esters are a derivative of carboxylic acids and formed from the reaction between a carboxylic acid or an acyl chloride
Why are carboxylic acids acidic?
Carboxylic acids are weak organic acids. All acids are proton donors and the more stable the resulting anion (in this
Naming carboxylic acids and their derivatives
Carboxylic acids contain the carboxyl functional group, -COOH, which is itself made from a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group.
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Aldehyde and ketone chemistry
Aldehydes and ketones are examples of carbonyl compounds. In an aldehyde the carbonyl group, C=O, is bonded to at least
Explaining the chemistry of the Group 7, the halogens
Group 7 consists of the elements fluorine, chorine, bromine, iodine and astatine, and they are known as the halogens. All
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Explaining the chemistry of Group 2 metals
When we consider the elements of Group 2 we are invariably only investigating magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium. All isotopes
Everything you need to know about chromatography
Chromatography is all about separating a mixture into its constituents by distributing them between two phases – a mobile phase
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Oxidising alcohols to form a carbonyl
Primary and secondary alcohols are oxidised by common oxidising agents such as potassium manganate(VII), KMnO4, or acidified sodium dichromate(VI), Na2Cr2O7