Transition metal chemistry

The transition metals are d-block elements (Groups 3-12 of the Periodic Table) whose atoms have a partially filled d-orbital or that form cations with partially filled d-orbitals. This means that when we are considering the transition metals of Period 4, scandium and zinc are not classified as transition metals although they are d-block elements.

You can find everything you need to know about the transition metals right here!

Writing the electron configuration for transition metal atoms and ions

• why are chromium and copper are the odd ones out?

Complex ions, ligands and chelate rings

• how are complex ions are formed with ligands?

• what is a chelate ring?

Coordination chemistry

• what is a coordination number?

• drawing octahedral, square planar and tetrahedral complexes

Isomerism in complex ions

• structural (ionisation), cis-trans (geometric) and optical isomers

• how does cis-platin fight cancer tumours?

Understanding the acid-base behaviour of transition metal complexes

• hydrolysis reactions in hexa aqua complexes

• acid-base reactions with hydroxide ions, ammonia and carbonate ions

• extensive exam Q&A

Ligand exchange reactions in transition metal complexes

• replacing water ligands with ammonia

• replacing water ligands with chloride ions

How to identify transition metal ions in solution

• precipitation reactions with hydroxide ions

• precipitation reactions with carbonate ions

Explaining the redox behaviour of transition metals

• why do transition metals form ions with variable oxidation states?

• which ions make the best oxidising agents?

• focus on vanadium

• what effect does pH have?

Why are transition metal compounds coloured?

• d orbital splitting

• interpreting an absorption spectrum

• the factors affecting the colour of a complex

• focus on exam language!

Using transition metal ions as catalysts

• what is homogeneous catalysis?

•. using electrode potentials to identify potential catalysts

• suggesting a mechanism for how a transition metal ion catalyst works